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Canada — Канада (1)

Canada is the second largest country in the world. Only Russia has a greater land area. Canada is situated in North America. Canada is slightly larger than the United States, but has only about a tenth as many people. About 28 million people live in Canada. About 80 % of the population live within 320 km of the southern border. Much of the rest of Canada is uninhabited or thinly populated because of severe natural conditions.
Canada is a federation of 10 provinces and 2 territories. Canada is an independent nation. But according to the Constitution Act of 1982 British Monarch, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is recognized as Queen of Canada. This symbolizes the country’s strong ties to Britain. Canada was ruled by Britain completely until 1867, when Canada gained control of its domestic affairs. Britain governed Canada’s foreign affairs until 1931, when Canada gained full independence.
Canada’s people are. varied. About 57 % of all Canadians have

some English ancestry and about 32 % have some French ancestry. Both English and French are official languages of the country. French Canadians, most of whom live in the provinces of Quebec, have kept the language and customs of their ancestors. Other large ethnic groups are German, Irish and Scottish people. Native people-American Indians and Eskimos — make up about 2 % of the country’s population.» 77 % of Canada’s people live in cities or towns. Toronto and Montreal are the largest urban areas. Ottawa is the capital of the country.
Today, maintaining a sense of community is one of the major problems in Canada because of differences among the provinces and territories. Many Canadians in western and eastern parts of the country feel that the federal government does not pay enough attention to their problems. 80 % of Quebec’s population are French Canadians. Many of them believe that their province should recieve a special recognition in the Canadian constitution.

Канада (1)

Канада — это вторая по величине страна в мире. Только

Россия имеет большую площадь. Канада находится в Северной Америке. Канада немного больше Соединенных Штатов, однако в ней живет в десять раз меньше людей. В Канаде — около 28 миллионов жителей. Около 80 % населения живет в пределах 320 км от южной границы. Большая часть остальной территории Канады не заселена или мало заселена из-за суровых природных условий.
Канада является федерацией 10 провинций и 2 территорий. Канада — это независимое государство. Но согласно Конституционному акту 1982 года английская королева Елизавета II признана главой государства Канады. Это символизирует прочные связи страны с Британией. Британия правила Канадой вплоть до 1867 года, когда Канада получила контроль над своими внутренними делами. Британия управляла иностранными делами Канады до 1931 года, когда Канада получила полную независимость.
Население Канады разнообразно. Около 57 % канадцев имеют английское происхождение и около 32 % жителей — канадцы французского происхождения. Как английский, так и французский являются государственными языками страны.
Французские канадцы, большинство из которых живет в провинции Квебек, сохранили язык и обычаи своих предков. Другими большими этническими группами являются немцы, ирландцы и шотландцы. Коренные народы, американские индейцы и эскимосы, составляют около 2 % населения страны. 77 % населения Канады живет в больших и малых городах. Торонто и Монреаль — самые большие города. Оттава — столица страны.
Сегодня сохранение чувства общности является главной проблемой в Канаде из-за различий среди провинций и территорий. Многие канадцы в западных и восточных областях страны считают, что федеральное правительство не уделяет достаточно внимания их проблемам. 80 % населения Квебека — французские канадцы. Многие из них считают, что провинция должна получить специальное признание в канадской Конституции.

Questions:

1. Where is Canada situated?
2. How many people live in Canada t
3. Where do most Canadians live?
4. Who is the head of state in Canada?
5. When did Canada gain its independence?
6. What are the official languages in Canada?
7. What people live in Canada?
8. What is the main problem facing Canada today?

Vocabulary:

Land area — площадь
population — население
border — граница
uninhabited — незаселенный
thinly populated — малонаселенный
severe — суровый
natural conditions — природные условия
federation — федерация
independent — независимый
Constitution Act — Конституционный акт
British Monarch — английская королева
the United Kingdom — Соединенное Королевство
to recognize — признавать
ties — связи
to rule — править
domestic affairs — внутренние дела
to govern — управлять
foreign affairs — иностранные дела
ancestry — происхождение
official language — государственный язык
custom — обычай
ancestors — предки
Indians — индейцы
to make up — составлять
urban — городской
capital — столица
to maintain — сохранять
community — общность
government — правительство
to pay attention — уделять внимание
recognition — признание

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