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The Discovery of America — Открытие Америки (2)

Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. He was born in Italy. His father and both grandfathers were cloth makers. Columbus was a seaman and made many sea voyages.
Most people in Columbus’s days thought that the earth was flat and they did not believe that beyond the Atlantic Ocean lay India. In 1492 the King and the Queen of Spain gave him money to go to India. He decided to sail west as he was sure that our planet was round. There were 3 caravels: the Santa Maria, the Nina and the Pinta. After sailing 4000 miles he reached some land.
The crew saw something like a white cliff and cried out: «Tierra! Tierra!». Columbus thought ‘that it must be India but it was not. It was a new land — a new continent. It was America. Columbus named the land they had reached San Salvador («Holy Saviour»). People began to speak about the land as «The new World».
European people came to the New World for many reasons. Some hoped to

find gold and silver. Priests and missionaries came to bring the Christian religion to the Indians. Among those who came for freedom was a small group of English people called Pilgrims. They wanted to start a new life and to have no religious problems they had in England.
In 1620 on the ship «Mayflower» they landed in the north-east of America. They set up a colony and called that part of the country «New England».

Открытие Америки (2)

Христофор Колумб открыл Америку в 1492 г. Он родился в Италии. Его отец и оба дедушки занимались шитьем одежды, Колумб был моряком и совершил много путешествий.
Большинство людей в дни Колумба полагали, что Земля плоская, и они не верили в то, что за Атлантическим океаном лежит Индия. В 1492 году король и королева Испании дали ему деньги на поездку в Индию.

Он решил плыть на запад, так как был уверен, что Земля круглая. В путешествие отправились 3 каравеллы: «Санта Мария», «Нина», «Пинта». После того, как они проплыли 4 000 миль, они достигли какой-то земли.
Команда увидела что-то похожее на белую скалу и закричала: «Земля! Земля!»‘ Колумб подумал, что это должна быть Индия, но это была не она. Это была новая земля, новый континент. Это была Америка. Колумб назвал землю, которой они достигли, Сан Сальвадор («Святой спаситель»). Люди стали говорить об этой земле как о Новом Свете.
Европейцы приезжали в Новый Свет по разным причинам. Некоторые надеялись найти золото или серебро. Священники и миссионеры приезжали, чтобы принести христианство индейцам. Среди тех, кто приезжал за свободой, была маленькая группа англичан, прозванных пилигримами. Они хотели начать новую жизнь и начать ее без религиозных проблем, с которыми они столкнулись в Англии.
В 1620 на корабле «Мэйфлауэ» они высадились на северо-востоке Америки. Они основали колонию и назвали эту часть страны Новая Англия.

Questions:

1. Who discovered America?
2. King and Queen of what country gave Columbus money for voyage?
3. How many caravelas were there?
4. How did Columbus name the land he had reached?
5. What reasons did European come to New Land for?
6. What do you know about Pilgrims?

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