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Vladimir Vemadsky — Владимир Вернадский

Vladimir Vernadsky, born March 12, 1863, in St. Petersburg, died January 6, 1946, in Moscow. Pioneering geochemist, mineralogist, and crystallographer, philosopher of science, political activist, full member of the Russian (later USSR) Academy of Sciences, the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences. After graduating from St. Petersburg University (1885) he did graduate work there and in Munich and Paris (1888-1889) and was elected president (1886) of the United Council of Regional Student Organizations in the Russian Empire. He taught at Moscow University (1891-1911) and was a member of the Russian State Council (1906-1911).
After the February Revolution of 1917 Vernadsky chaired the Agricultural Scholarly Committee of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture, and was appointed the Russian deputy minister of education in charge of all universities and scientific institutions.
In 1921 Vernadsky returned to Petro-grad and organized

the Radium Institute there. In 1922 he went to Paris to work with M. Curie and lecture at the Sorbonne. In 1926 lie returned to Russia, and from 1928 until his death he directed the USSR Radium Institute and Laboratory for Geochemical Problems.
Vernadsky s ideas became the core of new directions in geology, mineralogy, and hydrogeology, and he is regarded as the founder of Soviet geochemistry and biogeochemistry. He is the author of the fundamental studies on the regularities in the composition and structure of Earth, the chemical composition of the crust, hydro — and atmosphere, the role and importance of radioactive elements in the planet’s evolution, and the place of living matter in its history. Vernadskys findings ore universally recognized.

Владимир Вернадский

Владимир Вернадский родился 12 марта 1863 года в Санкт-Петербурге, умер 6 января 1946 года в Москве. Один из первых геохимиков, минерологов и кристаллографов, философ, политический

деятель; член Российской (позже Советской) Академии наук, Украинской Академии наук, член-корреспондент Французской Академии наук. После получения высшего образования в Санкт-Петербургском университете (1885), он писал диссертацию там, в Мюнхене и в Париже (1888-1889), и был избран президентом (1886) Объединенного Совета региональных студенческих организаций Российской Империи. Он преподавал в Московском университете (1891-1911) и входил э состав Российской Государственной Думы (1906-1911).
После февральской революции 1917 года Вернадского назначили на должность главы сельскохозяйственного академического комитета российского Министерства сельского хозяйства и заместителем министра образования.
В 1921 году Вернадский вернулся в Петроград и организовал там Институт Радия. В 1922 г. он уезжает в Париж работать вместе с М. Кюри и читать лекции в Сорбонне. В 1926 г. он вернулся в Россию и с 1928 года был директором Института Радия СССР и Лаборатории геохимических проблем.
Идеи Вернадского стали основой для новых направлений в геологии, минералогии и гидрогеологии. Он является основоположником советской геохимии и биогеохимии. Он — автор фундаментальных трудов о составе и структуре Земли, химическом составе гео-, гидро — и атмосферы, о роли и важности радиоактивных элементов в эволюции планеты и месте живой материи в ее истории. Открытия Вернадского снискали мировое признание.

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